Database E.10 Codebook (web ver. 1.1) of Individual Records of Vertebral Non-metric Variation in Adults and Adolescents


     Explanation of Abbreviations and Codes

     SPECID = Individual Burial Number
         First number is excavation locale
             1 = BC, 1974 excavation
             2 = BCES, 1975 excavation

         followed by two spaces and then the burial identification number.
            Example: 1 14 is BC Burial 14

     AGE
         ADOL = Adolescent (15-20 years)
         YG ADULT = Young Adult (20-35 years)
         MID AGED = Middle-aged Adult (35-50 years)
         OLD = Old Adult (50+ years)
         ADULT = Adult (20-50+ years)

     SEX = Sex of individual, ?female coded as FEMALE, ?male coded as MALE

     SITE = Site of excavation

     YEAREXAM = Year burial was examined

     INSTCODE = Institution where burial was examined
         UHM = University of Hawaii at Manoa

     Although there is some variability in abbreviations, field names commonly consist of vertebra (e.g., C1 = first Cervical Vertebra) followed by side if applicable (R = right, L = left) followed by non-metric trait.

     C1RFORTR/C1LFORTR = Foramen transversarium
         0 = none
         1 = single
         2 = two foramina
         3 = spur
         4 = one foramen and spur
         5 = incomplete

     C1RLFOR = R:L foramen transversarium
         0 = R = L
         1 = R > L
         2 = R < L

     C1RBRIDG/C1LBRIDG = Bridge to articular facet
         0 = none
         1 = posterior
         2 = posterior-incipient
         3 = transverse
         4 = transverse-incipient
         5 = post-incipient and transverse-incipient

     RATLBRG/LATLBRG = Atlas bridging
         0 = none
         1 = incomplete spur
         2 = complete bridge

     RCOSTAL/LCOSTAL = Incomplete costal bar
         0 = absent
         1 = present

     C1SPINBF = Spina bifida
         0 = absent
         1 = present
         2 = incipient spina bifida
         3 = foramen through spine

     C1RSFAC/C1LSFAC = Superior facet shape
         1 = single
         2 = double
         3 = constricted

     C2APICAL = Apical process of the dens
         0 = absent
         1 = present

     C2RFORTR/C2LFORTR = Foramen transversarium
         0 = none
         1 = single
         2 = two foramina
         3 = spur
         4 = one foramen and spur
         5 = incomplete

     C2RLFOR = R:L foramen transversarium
         0 = R = L
         1 = R > L
         2 = R < L

     C2SPINPR = Shape of spinous process
         1 = single
         2 = parallel
         3 = divergent

     C2SPINBF = Spina bifida
         0 = absent
         1 = present
         2 = incipient spina bifida
         3 = foramen through spine

     C3RFOR/C4RFOR/C5RFOR/C6RFOR/C7RFOR = R Foramen transversarium
         0 = none
         1 = single
         2 = two foramina
         3 = spur
         4 = one foramen and spur
         5 = incomplete

     C3LFOR/C4LFOR/C5LFOR/C6LFOR/C7LFOR = L Foramen transversarium
         0 = none
         1 = single
         2 = two foramina
         3 = spur
         4 = one foramen and spur
         5 = incomplete

     C3RLFOR/C4RLFOR/C5RLFOR/C6RLFOR/C7RLFOR = R:L Foramen transversarium
         0 = R = L
         1 = R > L
         2 = R < L

     C3SPIN/C4SPIN/C5SPIN/C6SPIN/C7SPIN = Shape of spinous process
         1 = single
         2 = parallel
         3 = divergent

     C3SPINBF/C4SPINBF/C5SPINBF/C6SPINBF/C7SPINBF = Spina bifida
         0 = absent
         1 = present
         2 = incipient spina bifida
         3 = foramen through spine

     Laminal spurring and spina bifida in the Thoracic and Lumbar Vertebrae

     T#LAM = Thoracic laminal spurring
         0 = absent
         1 = present

     T#SPINBF = Thoracic spina bifida
         0 = absent
         1 = present
         2 = incipient spina bifida
         3 = foramen through spine

     L#LAM = Lumbar laminal spurring
         0 = absent
         1 = present

     L#SPINBF = Lumbar spina bifida
         0 = absent
         1 = present
         2 = incipient spina bifida
         3 = foramen through spine

     L#Spond = Lumbar spondylolysis
         0 = absent (normal)
         1 = complete separation
         2 = hemi-separation, right
         3 = hemi-separation, left

     RMAMFOR1 -- LMAMFOR5 = Mammillary foramen, by side (R = right, L = left). Last number is number of lumbar vertebral body
         0 = absent (normal)
         1 = present

     RL1TRNPR -- LL1TRNPR = First lumbar vertebral transverse process
         0 = normal
         1 = missing
         2 = absent & facet

     SACRL5 = Sacralization of L-5
         0 = absent
         1 = complete
         2 = hemi-sacralization, right
         3 = hemi-sacralization, left

     LUMBARS1 = Lumbarization of sacrum
         0 = absent
         1 = complete
         2 = hemi-lumbarization, right
         3 = hemi-lumbarization, left

     SUPSACHI = Superior sacral hiatus
         0 = absent
         1 = S1
         2 = S1-S2
         3 = S2
         4 = S2-S3
         5 = S3

     INFSACHI = Inferior sacral hiatus
         0 = absent
         1 = S5
         2 = S5-S4
         3 = S4
         4 = S4-S3
         5 = S3

     SACHIAT = Sacral hiatus
         0 = absent
         1 = present